During which types of surgeries are neuromuscular blockers most commonly used?

Neuromuscular blockers are most commonly utilized during ophthalmic and orthopedic surgeries because these types of procedures often require precise control of muscle relaxation. In orthopedic surgeries, muscle relaxation allows for better manipulation and stabilization of bones and joints, which is crucial for the success of the operation. Similarly, in ophthalmic surgeries, adequate muscle relaxation is essential to access and operate on delicate structures within the eye without involuntary movement that could compromise surgical precision.

While neuromuscular blockers might have roles in other surgical types, the need for complete muscle paralysis and control is especially critical in ophthalmic and orthopedic contexts, due to the complexity and sensitivity of the anatomy being operated on. In contrast, cardiac surgeries may not depend heavily on neuromuscular blockade since they often involve different anesthetic techniques or requirements. Minor surgeries frequently do not necessitate the depth of paralysis provided by neuromuscular blockers, making them less common in those scenarios. Emergency procedures, while they may involve neuromuscular blockers, do not primarily categorize their use to warrant them being the most common application.